CHLOROFORM

Chloroform is mainly used these days in production of chlorodifluoromethane.

Below properties are observed in WHO publication

Physical Properties:

Boiling point: 62°C

Melting point: -64°C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.48

Solubility in water, g/100 ml at 20°C: 0.8

Vapour pressure, kPa at 20°C: 21.2

Relative vapour density (air = 1): 4.12

Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20°C (air = 1): 1.7

Octanol/water partition coefficient as log Pow: 1.97

Chemical dangers

On contact with hot surfaces or flames this substance decomposes forming toxic and corrosive fumes (hydrogen chloride, phosgene and chlorine fumes). Reacts violently with strong bases, strong oxidants, some metals, such as aluminium, magnesium and zinc, causing fire and explosion hazard. Attacks plastic, rubber and coatings.

Routes of exposure

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.

Inhalation risk

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20°C.

Effects of short-term exposure

The substance irritates the eyes. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system liver and kidneys. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.

Effects of long-term or repeated exposure

The liquid defats the skin. The substance may have effects on the liver and kidneys. This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans.

IMDG Code – Sea Transport

Chloroform is listed in IMDG Code as UN 1888 Class 6.1 Packing Group III. Observation states Colourless, volatile liquid. Boiling point: 61°C. Non-flammable. When involved in a fire, evolves extremely toxic fumes (phosgene). Toxic if swallowed, by skin contact or by inhalation. Anaesthetic.